Ewes Management Practices

Energetic Lambs

Ewes Management practises

Maximum ovulation occur during the autumn mating season when ewes show natural heat. The heat cycle of ewes is 16-17 days with the result that a mating period of 34 days is sufficient. Flushing has little effect if applied longer than four weeks before mating

The condition of the ewes at the time of mating is considered the most important factor in achieving high ovulation rates, regardless of how it is achieved. Extremes in nutrition during the mating period should be avoided and ewes should, in the first month of pregnancy, be kept at a constant feeding level. Embryos in the pre-implantation phase (from conception to day 15) may be lost in ewes that are in a poor condition or when subjected to extremes of under- or over-nutrition. The same applies during the implantation phase. (Day 15-16 to day 30 after conception) Losses during this period, however, have a wider range of effects on pregnancy.

These effects include: o Increases in the proportion of ewes which return to the ram at more than 19 days after mating o A reduced lambing percentage o Small lambs When mated, maiden ewes should weigh approximately 65-75% of their adult weight. Avoid shearing and dipping ewes shorter than six weeks before mating. Refrain from all activities and handling two weeks before and up to 30 days after mating.

Mid and late pregnancy

* Foetal growth during the second and third months of pregnancy is slow with rapid gains in the last trimester.

* The feed intake of ewes is normally adequate in late pregnancy. Ewes mobilise their own body reserves for utilisation by the foetus. - As the number of foetuses with extra nutritional demands increases, ewes will find it difficult to compensate by increased voluntary intake.

Under-nutritioning of ewes, in late pregnancy can reduce weight at birth, particularly in the case of twins. It is therefore advisable to scan ewes for twin identification 42 days after ram withdrawal.

* A low birth weight disadvantages lambs in almost every way. 70% of the unborn lambs’; development takes place during the last six weeks of pregnancy. Such ewes should have a weight increase of between 15 and 20% (150 – 250 g/day for ewes with a single foetus and 250-350g/day for ewes with twins is advisable).

The following results can be expected:

* Energetic lambs (birth weight 3,5 – 5,5 kg)

* Optimum udder development for maximum wool production is secured

* Less tender wool

* Pregnancy disease is prevented